• Planning for micro hydro power plant in Olung Siron Village, Central Kalimantan.
• Planning for micro hydro power plant Jantur Tabalas, East Kalimantan.
• Analysis of micro hydro power plant capacity in Tambela Village, South Kalimantan.

Micro hydro power plants apparently have lower operating costs than diesel power plants. Micro hydro utilizes renewable natural resources in the form of water resources. When planning the construction of a micro hydro power plants, it is necessary to pay attention to the location and size of the location, whether it is suitable for building a micro hydro power plants or not.

Micro hydro power plants are power plants that use hydropower by utilizing natural resources, such as rivers or waterfalls. Micro hydro has two meanings, micro is small, and hydro is water. Micro hydro power plants has three important elements such as water, turbine and generator. In fact, the greater the fall of water from natural resources, the greater the potential for the water to turn into electrical energy. The water will then flow into the power plants house pipes to drive turbines and generators that convert river water into electrical energy.

The role of the generator is to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. According to research, a water level of 2.5 meters can produce 400 watts of electricity. Simply put, this generator only requires a small space for operation and this can avoid environmental pollution.

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The difference between hydroelectric power and micro hydro is in the amount of electricity produced. Hydroelectric power plants with a size of only 200 kW, below that size are included in micro hydro. This makes micro hydro the right generator to reach electricity in rural areas. The advantage of micro hydro plants is that they can save electricity prices because they use natural resources. The generator equipment is quite simple and can be operated in remote places. This can also encourage local communities to preserve natural resources.

Planning for Micro Hydro Power Plant in Olung Siron Village, Central Kalimantan

Illustration of Sebangau Central Kalimantan. Source: unsplash.com

Water resources are one of the basic needs of society for survival. Water resources can apparently produce electricity sources that can be used by the community. The construction of a micro hydro power plants will certainly really help communities in remote villages. Utilize nearby natural resources to become a source of electricity for the community.

The results of Tanah Siang’s research, Olung Siron Village and its surroundings apparently do not have adequate electricity services. This is the potential for developing a micro hydro power plant on the Soko River. Seeing the condition of Olung Siron Village, a micro hydro power plant plan was made with a drainage system using closed channels (pipes). The Soko River has the potential for a fairly long water supply throughout the year and also has suitable criteria for the construction of a micro hydro power plant.

The micro hydro power plant planning in Olung Siron Village includes a dam, intake, tank, rapid pipe, and turbine. The available discharge in the Soko River is 0.64 m3/sec. The Olung Siron turbine uses a Fixed Blade Propeller type turbine. The power that can be generated is based on the fall height of 3.83 m, which produces 16.35 kW of electricity.

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PLTMH Planning in Jantur Tabalas, East Kalimantan

The micro hydro power plant in Jantur Tabalas was built in 2007 with an electrical power capacity of 40 KW. The purpose of building the micro hydro power plants is to meet community needs through water resource potential. The water discharge provides an air channel that will produce electricity with a constant voltage between -5 percent to +10 percent. This has the potential to build a micro hydro power plant in Jantur Tabalas village.

The way the micro hydro power plants itself works is that the river flow is dammed to get the water flow and fall height, then the water is channeled into a calm pool which is connected to a fast pipe and underneath there is a water turbine. The turbine will rotate after getting air pressure. The aim of building a micro hydro power plant in Jantur Tabalas Village is also to utilize natural resources which have the potential to become electrical energy.

Analysis of Micro Hydro Power Plant Capacity in Tambela Village, South Kalimantan

Illustration of River Martapura, South Kalimantan. Source: unsplash.com

Planning the construction of a micro hydro power plant, of course we need certain field conditions to build the plant. It can be seen from the condition of Tambela Village that the discharge obtained was 0.198 m3/s, which produced electrical power of 10.197 kW. This power is capable of sufficient for 50 consumers.

One of the main equipment of a micro hydro power plant is an air turbine. This type of pelton water turbine functions to convert potential energy into speed energy by the nozzle and into mechanical energy that rotates on the turbine shaft. The more air capacity in a village, the greater the electrical energy that can be produced to meet community needs.

When choosing a location, of course we have to measure the water resources, therefore we have to prepare parameter measuring tools such as current meters, stopwatches, theodolites, and meters. This tool measures the depth of the air at the location.

#zonaebt #serbaterbarukan #ebtheroes

Editor: Rewinur Alifianda Hera Umarul

Referensi:

[1] Studi Perencanaan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH) Sungai Soko Desa Olung Siron Kecamatan Tanah Siang Kabupaten Murung Raya Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah

[2] Perencanaan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH) Jantur Tabalas Kalimantan Timur

[3] Perhitungan Kapasitas Maksimum Pembangkitan Daya PLTMH Sungai Kambang Desa Tambela Kalimantan Selatan