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The Carbon Problem and Norway’s Way to Deal It

List Of Electricity Consumption Countries. Source: LinkedIn Zonaebt
  • Norway’s electricity consumption has increased significantly due to the electrification of the economy and energy-intensive businesses
  • By 2022, per capita carbon emissions will be 7.5 tons per person
  • Some of the steps Norway has taken to achieve net zero emissions by 2050 include carbon trading cooperation with Indonesia and using 90% renewable electricity

Halo Sobat EBT Heroes! did you know that Norway produced 32.1 million metric tons of carbon dioxide (MtCO₂) emissions in 2022. This represented a slight decrease in comparison to the previous year, down from 33.1 MtCO₂. Nevertheless, when compared to 1990 levels, carbon dioxide emissions in the Nordic country increased by more than 10 percent. Norway’s carbon emissions peaked at 37.7 MtCO2 in 2004.

The country nicknamed “The Land of the Midnight Sun” has its way of achieving its net-zero emissions goal by 2050. But, before we discuss Norway’s steps, let’s take a look at the country’s carbon emissions.

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Norway’s Carbon Emissions

Norway’s Per Capita Carbon Emissions. Source: ourworldindata.org

The graph above shows that per capita carbon emissions are 7.5 tons per person in 2022. Norway’s annual carbon emissions in 2022 amounted to 32.1 million MtCO₂. Some of the sectors that contribute the most carbon emissions include electricity and heat, transportation, then manufacturing and construction.

Norway has committed to a 90–95% GHG emissions reduction below 1990 levels by 2050. Five prioritized actions that can set Norway on the growth path to net zero are 1) develop and commit to a national roadmap, 2) expand new renewable power production, 3) upgrade the power grid and key infrastructure, 4) define smart climate policies and requirements, 5) nurture and secure green growth opportunities.  

Currently, Norway is ambitious in providing electrical renewable energy and establishing carbon trading cooperation, one of which is with Indonesia.

Norwegian Renewable Energy

Hydropower Energy. Source: freepik.com

In Norway, 98% of the electricity production comes from renewable energy resources which mostly derive from hydropower and some wind power generation. Norway has tremendous potential to further leverage its clean electricity system to decarbonize other sectors of the economy through additional electrification.

Nonetheless, to meet its ambitious target of being a low-emissions society by 2050, Norway has considerable work ahead, especially since electricity generation already has zero emissions and the country already has substantial electrification of the buildings sector and almost half of the industry, thereby also achieving low emissions in these sectors.

As a result, many of the easy wins for reducing emissions have already been achieved and the remaining emissions reductions will be more complex, challenging and costly, notably in transport and industry. Overall, Norway has many natural advantages that can help it achieve a successful energy and climate transition. In particular, it can be well-positioned to lead the world on new technologies for decarbonizing hard-to-abate sectors, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), and hydrogen, if the right policies and incentives are put in place.

Indonesia-Norway Partnership in Reducing Green House Gasses

Indonesia and Norway Signed a Partnership. Source: kemlu.go.id

On September 12 2022, Norway and Indonesia re-established carbon trading cooperation after terminating cooperation one year previously. Through this collaboration, Norway will pay for Indonesia’s efforts in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon, through forest protection. Not only that, this collaboration also includes broader involvement on climate and forest issues in Indonesia, including supporting FOLU Net Sink 2030 on governance aspects.

Indonesia and Norway have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on the Partnership in Support of Indonesia’s Efforts to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Forestry and Other Land Use. The MoU will support Indonesia’s efforts to sustainably protect and manage the environment. The scope of cooperation includes:

  • Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation by protecting and managing forests with community participation, including local community
  • Capacity building to strengthen natural forest carbon sequestration through sustainable forest management, forest rehabilitation, and social forestry, including mangroves.
  • Conservation of biodiversity.
  • Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from fires and peatland damage.
  •  Strengthening law enforcement.
  • Communication, consultation, and knowledge exchange on an international scale on policies and agendas for climate, forestry, and land use; and
  • Exchange of information and knowledge at the technical level

Hopefully, the cooperation between Indonesia and Norway will continue and get maximum results. It is also hoped that Indonesia can collaborate with other countries in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

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#ZonaEBT #EBTHeroes #SebarTerbarukan

Editor: Alvin Pratama

References:

[1] Norway: Carbon Dioxide Emissions 1970-2022

[2] Norway: CO2 Country Profile

[3] Noway’s Path to Net Zero

[4] Norway 2022 Energy Policy Review

[5] Indonesia and Norway signed a New Partnership to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Forestry and Other Land Use

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Ivatul Maula

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