- Indonesia’s growing population correlates with fossil-fueled energy demand.
- Indonesia ratified the COP to try to mitigate global temperature rise due to the use of fossils in energy.
- Indonesia’s opportunity to transition through political support, consistent policies to address regulatory uncertainty and attract investment.
With a population exceeding 270 million, Indonesia ranks as one of Southeast Asia’s largest energy consumers. As energy demand rises and pressure mounts to cut carbon emissions, the country faces significant challenges in its energy transition.
One of the options being considered is nuclear energy. This article will discuss Indonesia’s energy transition in general. Such as the presentation of the energy transition, the main sources of energy, and the potential and challenges of nuclear energy as a national energy solution.
Indonesia’s Energy Transition in General
Indonesia’s energy transition involves shifting from reliance on fossil fuels to cleaner and renewable energy sources. This move is driven by the government’s commitment to reduce carbon emissions by 29% by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.
Friend EBT Heroes Indonesia has ratified COP21 in Law no 16 of 2016. This is a step where the country has the responsibility to mitigate temperature rise. In the mitigation process, there are problems caused by the national fossil energy sector so that it is necessary to make a transition. However, this journey is not easy given the existing infrastructure and dependence on fossil energy such as coal and petroleum.
Indonesia’s Energy Transition Percentage
According to data from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM), by 2023, around 12.6% of Indonesia’s total energy consumption will come from renewable energy sources. The majority of this energy comes from hydroelectricity (7.1%), bioenergy (2.4%) and geothermal energy (2.0%). Fossil energy sources still dominate with coal accounting for around 38%, petroleum 30%, and natural gas 19.8%.
Indonesia’s Main Sources of Energy
1. Coal: Coal is the largest source of energy in Indonesia, mainly used for electricity generation. Although efficient and cheap, the use of coal results in high carbon emissions.
2. Petroleum: Petroleum is mostly used for the transportation and industrial sectors. Dependence on oil imports is also a challenge for Indonesia.
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3. Natural Gas: Natural gas is used as a fuel for power generation and industry. Natural gas is cleaner than coal and oil, but its infrastructure requires large investments.
4. Renewable Energy: The potential for renewable energy in Indonesia is huge, especially from solar, wind and geothermal energy. However, the utilization of this energy is still relatively low due to various technical and economic constraints.
Nuclear Energy Transition Options
Nuclear energy is considered as one of the potential solutions to address the growing energy demand and reduce carbon emissions. Nuclear energy has high energy density and low carbon emissions compared to fossil fuels.
Potential and Challenges of Nuclear Energy in Indonesia
1. Security: Security issues are one of the main concerns in the development of nuclear energy. Radioactive waste management and the risk of radiation leakage require strict technology and regulations.
2. Infrastructure and Human Resources: The construction of nuclear power plants (NPPs) requires large investments and a long time. Nuclear development also requires experts trained in the technology and safety.
3. Regulation and Policy: The government needs to establish clear regulations and policies that support the development of nuclear energy, including legal frameworks and investment incentives.
Is Indonesia Able to Make Nuclear as National Energy?
Theoretically, Indonesia has the potential to make nuclear one of the national energy sources given its growing energy needs and commitment to reduce carbon emissions. However, the realization of this potential requires in-depth analysis and a comprehensive strategy that covers various critical aspects.
First, the safety aspect is a major challenge. Radioactive waste management, accident prevention, and protection against security threats are priorities that require advanced technology and strict regulations.
Second, a very large initial investment is required for the development of nuclear infrastructure, including reactors and adequate distribution networks. As well as the development of competent human resources in the nuclear field.
Third, consistent political and policy support is key to overcoming regulatory uncertainty and attracting investment. The government must ensure a clear legal framework and attractive incentives for investors. In addition, public acceptance of nuclear energy must be improved through education and transparency regarding the benefits and risks involved.
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Fourth, Indonesia needs to learn from other countries’ experiences in implementing nuclear energy effectively and safely. With strong commitment, good coordination between the government, private sector, and society, and adequate investment, Indonesia can make nuclear energy an integral part of the national energy solution, while achieving sustainability and carbon emission reduction goals.
Based on the above analysis, Indonesia has the potential to develop nuclear energy as part of the national energy transition strategy. However, this requires long-term commitment, large investments, and cooperation between the government, private sector, and society. In addition, there needs to be efforts to increase public awareness and acceptance of nuclear energy as a safe and clean energy source.
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Editor: Savira Oktavia
References
[1] Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (ESDM)
24 Comment
I agree with his analysis. Even though Indonesia does not yet have a reactor, the country must quickly make the transition. An interesting point, building reactors requires special skills and countries that need a lot of energy should consider having reactors or working harder on other renewable energy
Thanks Sobat EBT Heroes. Indonesia has a geographical advantage in the application of solar panel power, but in some calculations the nuclear sector must be included to achieve clean energy by 2060 or sooner.
12% of Indonesia’s energy mix is embarrassing. It should be able to reach 20% because the projection is 23%. Your writing is very clear and makes people understand what Indonesia’s real problems are
Thanks Sobat EBT Heroes, we will continue to improve and present information related to new renewable energy. you may be interested in reading articles on the theme of space energy : “Nuclear More Popular For Energy In Deep Space”
Coal still makes up the majority of Indonesia’s energy. I really appreciate your writing, I hope to continue reading your writing from many new perspectives and topics.
Your writing is very interesting, I need a lot of information about nuclear on this website. I saw that there weren’t many articles about nuclear on this website and that made me surprised. Luckily there are those of you who can write it well. Thanks
Nuclear discussion is not often here, because the topic is not so easy to understand and not too many people are interested in it. but we will continue to try to bring interesting and best writings related to renewable energy here, especially nuclear. So Sobat EBT Heroes keep coming to our site for more updated info about energy.
Nice Idea, using those pictures and the headline to be combined perfectly.
Indonesia can build nuclear but need commitment
Indeed, even Indonesia has a geographical advantage in the application of solar panel power, but in some calculations the nuclear sector must be included to achieve clean energy by 2060 or sooner.
I just found out that Indonesia has not reached its mix target
If Indonesia has nuclear power, will it be controlled by the state?
in general, energy in Indonesia is fully controlled by the state according to the law for the prosperity of the people. there are several practices, namely power plants are owned by the private sector but for distribution and prices are under government control.
Indonesia’s current challenges are seen in aspects of policy that are still premature and have not yet accommodated national energy needs
Indonesia’s energy transition touches on several aspects and there needs to be coordination between agencies (through many “pentahelix” approaches or more) one of which is in terms of policy, where the draft law on new renewable energy is still under discussion
13% It looks really embarrassing for such a big country
if seen in terms of percentage, it is indeed far from the initial projection of 23%, Indonesia is still struggling and innovating to be able to increase the clean energy mix. therefore let Sobat EBT Heroes support the the draft bill on new renewable energy.
The dilemma in Indonesia is that the population is increasing and needs energy but is not yet ready to make the transition, and rejects nuclear
some cases of rejection are actually in the social aspect. in terms of consideration, nuclear energy is very promising. population growth actually has an impact on increasing electricity consumption. but in the current era according to the IAEA report, global electricity consumption is increasing due to the development of data centers, 5G, AI and IOT which are increasing rapidly. There is an article reviewing the issue of investing in nuclear energy compared to coal If you may be interested in reading it, here’s the article: Invest On Nuclear Power Plants Tend To Be Sustain Also Reliable
Writer just replied all comments and give bunch of information, it’s way too good and really educated for the reader.
Thanks Sobat EBT Heroes, don’t forget to read articles with other themes and stay updated with info related to nuclear energy. You may be interested in reading articles on the theme of space energy : “Nuclear More Popular For Energy In Deep Space” or an article reviewing the issue of investing in nuclear energy compared to coal : “Invest On Nuclear Power Plants Tend To Be Sustain Also Reliable“
Thanks Sobat EBT Heroes, don’t forget to read articles with other themes and stay updated with info related to nuclear energy. you may be interested in reading articles on the theme of space energy :Nuclear More Popular For Energy In Deep Space