Tren pemanfaatan panel surya atau Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya terus meningkat seiring akan menjadi salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang mendominasi di masa depan. PLTS menjadi salah satu andalan percepatan bauran energi baru terbarukan di Indonesia saat ini. Belakangan ini tren pemanfaatan sistem PLTS Atap diarahkan untuk menjadi pendorong penggunaan PLTS untuk kebutuhan energi listrik sehari-hari pada pelanggan PT PLN (Persero) di sektor perumahan. Pemerintah berharap para pelaku industri swasta dapat turut berkontribusi besar terhadap pengembangan PLTS Atap nasional.
PLTS yang makin diminati hingga oleh pelaku industri disebabkan karena adanya kecenderungan konsumen untuk memanfaatkan green product yang harus dipenuhi industri. Tidak hanya perusahaan global yang mulai peduli dengan penggunaan listrik ramah lingkungan dan bebas emisi, mulai saat ini perusahaan lokal sudah mulai mengembangkan produk dengan konsep industri hijau.
Penggunaan PLTS sebagai salah satu upaya pengembangan industri hijau akan memberi dampak positif kepada seluruh bidang. Terlebih lagi, saat ini pembiayaan terhadap penggunaan energi fosil makin diperketat namun tidak untuk pemanfaatan energi terbarukan. Justru pembiayaan energi baru terbarukan semakin murah dan memiliki potensi pengembangan pasar yang lebih luas.
Untuk mendorong pemanfaatan PLTS, Pemerintah melalui Kementerian ESDM menargetkan kapasitas PLTS atap sendiri mencapai 3.600 MW pada tahun 2025 dengan merevisi Peraturan Menteri ESDM Nomor 49 Tahun 2018 tentang Penggunaan PLTS Atap. Peraturan itu diharapkan akan mendorong pemasangan PLTS atap oleh masyarakat.
Keuntungan Pemanfaatan PLTS Atap untuk PLN dan Pemerintah
Bicara keuntungan dari pemanfaatan PLTS atap, tentu sangat banyak dan bermanfaat. Seperti yang disampaikan oleh Menteri Keuangan Sri Mulyani, ancaman perubahan iklim akan berdampak sama besarnya dengan pandemi Covid-19 yang dialami saat ini. Hal ini bertepatan karena perubahan iklim adalah ancaman yang sudah diprediksi dan dapat dicegah atau dimitigasi dengan berbagai solusi modern. Pemanfaatan pemasangan PLTS atap secara masif juga dapat menurunkan emisi gas rumah kaca.
Pada sisi ekonomi, pemanfaatan PLTS dapat menjadi potensi yang baik dengan regulasi yang ada untuk mendatangkan keuntungan yang maksimum bagi berbagai pihak seperti pemerintah, Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN), dan masyarakat.
Keuntungan pertama yang didapatkan adalah PLN akan bisa mendapatkan listrik yang bersumber dari energi baru terbarukan dan menjual kembali ke public tanpa membangun pembangkitnya. Dalam arti lain, pembangkit listrik tenaga surya yang sudah terpasang di atap rumah masyarakat dengan sistem on-grid akan memudahkan PLN untuk menjual listrik kembali dengan kapasitas listrik yang tidak terpakai oleh pengguna PLTS tersebut.
PLTS atap berpotensi mengurangi atau bahkan menggantikan operasi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas (PLTG) di siang hari. Sehingga mampu mengurangi biaya bahan bakar PLN untuk pembangkitan konvensional. PLTG memiliki beberapa kekurangan yang dapat diatasi oleh kehadiran PLTS, yaitu PLTG biasanya hanya untuk memenuhi peak power, menimbulkan polusi suara, dan biaya operasional yang cukup tinggi.
Dalam pencapaian target bauran energi baru terbarukan nasional dan komitmen penurunan emisi gas rumah kaca, dibutuhkan kontribusi secara gotong-royong oleh masyarakat dan pelaku usaha atau industri.
Baca juga:
- AMBISI ENERGI TERBARUKAN, PEMERINTAH MEREVISI PERMEN PLTS ATAP
- PERUSAHAAN PENYEDIA PANEL SURYA DI INDONESIA
Keuntungan Pemanfaatan PLTS untuk Publik
Direktur Jenderal Jenderal Ketenagalistrikan Kementerian ESDM Rida Mulyana menjelaskan pemasangan PLTS atap lebih banyak di-drive untuk kepentingan yang masangnya, untuk efisiensi penggunaan listrik dari PLN sambil berkontribusi menggalakkan energi baru terbarukan dan mengurangi emisi. PLTS atap didesain untuk efisiensi, bukan untuk jual beli.
Pemerintah juga memberikan penugasan kepada PLN untuk membangun aplikasi penggunaan PLTS atap berbasis digital yang terintegrasi dengan sistem Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) atau smart grid distribusi.
Dengan regulasi yang baik, termasuk tarif ekspor dan impor yang adil (1:1) akan mendatangkan berbagai keuntungan untuk masyarakat publik. Terlebih lagi investasi dengan memanfaatkan PLTS lebih menarik untuk masyarakat karena membuka akses masyarakat untuk memilih energi terbarukan dalam memproduksi listrik yang ramah lingkungan.
#zonaebt #sebarterbarukan #PLTS
Referensi:
Republika. https://www.republika.co.id/
Direktorat Jenderal EBTKE. https://ebtke.esdm.go.id/
IndonesiaRe. https://www.indonesiare.co.id/
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