- Target PLTA Kayan dan Kapasitasnya
- Tahap Pertama PLTA Kayan
- Proses Diversion dalam Pembuatan Bendungan
- Dampak positif Kepada Warga Kalimantan Utara
Pembangunan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA) Kayan Cascade oleh PT Kayan Hydro Energy (KHE) yang sudah mulai dibangun pada tahun 2011 dan di targetkan akan selesai pada tahun 2035. PLTA ini diharapkan dapat mendukung upaya Pemerintah Indonesia untuk mewujudkan Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) yang hijau dan berkelanjutan serta memberikan dampak positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di wilayah tersebut.
Target PLTA Kayan dan Kapasitasnya
Proyek PLTA Kayan Cascade ditargetkan akan selesai dibangun pada tahun 2035 dengan kapasitas 9.000 Megawatt (MW) di Kabupaten Bulungan, Kalimantan Utara. Jika pembangunan tersebut lancar dan sesuai rancangan, PLTA Kayan akan menjadi PLTA terbesar di Asia Tenggara. Dengan kapasitas tersebut, PLTA Kayan dapat mendukung satu Kalimantan dalam urusan pasokan listrik.
Nilai investasi yang dilucurkan untuk mendanai proyek PLTA Kayan adalah sebesar US$17,8 miliar atau sekitar Rp277,19 triliun. Nilai tersebut digunakan untuk membangun lima bendungan hingga enam turbin pembangkit pada masing-masing bendungan. Pembangunan PLTA Kayan Cascade akan dibagi menjadi lima tahap dengan masing-masing kapasitas sebagai berikut:
- Tahap pertama: 900 MW
- Tahap kedua: 1.200 MW
- Tahap ketiga: 1.800 MW
- Tahap keempat: 1.800 MW
- Tahap kelima: 3.300 MW.
Baca Juga
Kunci Keberlanjutan: Peran Utama Energi Terbarukan
Pembangkit Listrik Mikrohidro: Solusi Energi Ramah Lingkungan Kebutuhan Penduduk
Tahap Pertama PLTA Kayan
Tahap pertama pembangunan PLTA Kayan Cascade akan dimulai dengan membangun bendungan pertama Kayan 1 yang memanfaatkan area sepanjang aliran air dari Sungai Kayan dengan target dapat beroperasi secara komersial pada tahun 2028. Proses pembangunan akan difokuskan dari hilir ke hulu. Satu tahun sebelum hilir selesai, maka akan dilakukan pembangunan infrastruktur untuk bendungan selanjutnya. Hal ini dilakukan secara simultan hingga bendungan Kayan 5.
Sebagian besar listrik dari PLTA Kayan tahap pertama sebanyak 900 MW akan dialirkan ke IKN hingga ke Kawasan Industri Hijau Indonesia (KIHI) di Kalimantan Utara. Listrik yang dialirkan ke Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) di Kalimantan Timur menjadi target utama sesuai dengan arah kebijakan pemerintah untuk mengembangkan IKN dalam memanfaatkan energi hijau dan terbarukan.
Proses Diversion Dalam Pembuatan Bendungan
PLTA Kayan nantinya akan menyalurkan listrik untuk kawasan industri hijau Indonesia (KIHI) di Kalimantan Utara, yang juga dikelola oleh PT Kalimantan Industrial Park Indonesia (KIPI) dan PT Indonesia Strategis Industry (ISI). “Kalau total 9.000 MW, bicara menaungi kita bisa support se-Kalimantan, tapi kita kembali lagi kalau bicara industri, sebagian besar terserap ke industri,” kata pria yang akrab disapa Roni di Kalimantan Utara, Minggu (10/12/2023).
Dia menerangkan bahwa suplai listrik hijau dari PLTA Kayan ke IKN nantinya juga akan turut menggunakan jaringan transmisi listrik milik PT PLN (Persero). Namun, ia belum bisa menyampaikan lebih detail soal itu. “PLN kan sudah ada transmisi tuh, yang Kalimantan juga terkoneksi itu juga sekalian ini, termasuk infrastruktur EBT atau energy green di IKN,” kata dia. Untuk mencapai tenggat pembangunan infrastruktur tersebut, lanjutnya, KHE juga telah mengantongi sejumlah perizinan atau paling tidak sebanyak 30 lebih jenis perizinan. “Semua sudah selesai, kalau sudah terbit izin pembangunannya itu sudah terpenuhi, izin konstruksi otomatis semua sudah terpenuhi. Selesai kerja diversion kita sudah bisa konstruksi,” jelas Roni. Dia menjelaskan, diversion telah dilakukan sekitar 3-4 bulan lalu. Pengerjaan dilakukan lewat proses peledakan atau blasting di lokasi proyek. Dia menargetkan pengerjaan pengalihan sungai akan tuntas pada 6-8 bulan.
Baca Juga
Dampak PLTA Kayan Pada Masyarakat Dayak
Kehadiran mega proyek pembangkit listrik tenaga air terbesar di Asia Tenggara, PLTA Kayan akan turut memindahkan dua desa di hulu Sungai Kayan yang telah dihuni masyarakat Suku Dayak, yakni Long Peleban dan Long Lejuh. Direktur Operasional PT Kayan Hydro Energy (KHE) Khaeroni mengkonfirmasi, pihaknya akan melakukan relokasi terhadap dua desa Dayak tersebut. “Sekarang kita lagi tahap pengukuran lahan masyarakat sudah mau selesai, nanti itu dilakukan relokasi berbarengan dengan kontruksi. Karena kontruksi itu 5 tahun, relokasi itu bisa 2-3 tahun selesai lah,” terangnya di proyek bendungan 1 PLTA Kayan, Kecamatan Peso, Kabupaten Bulungan, Kalimantan Utara, dikutip Senin (11/12/2023).
Pria yang akrab disapa Roni ini mengatakan, saat ini masih proses penyiapan lahan relokasi untuk nantinya ditempati warga dari dua desa tersebut. Ia pun mengaku proses pemindahan itu secara prinsip telah disetujui oleh masyarakat. “Masyarakat secara prinsip menyetujui untuk direlokasi karena pada saat menujukkan kapan relokasi itu, masyarakat sendiri yang minta tempatnya,” ungkap Roni. Saat ditanya dimana lokasi desa barunya, Roni mengklaim itu masih berdekatan dengan yang sebelumnya. Namun ia belum merinci letak persisnya di mana. “Relokasinya juga berdekatan dengan site, masih berdekatan,” imbuh Roni. Mengutip informasi yang beredar sebelumnya, Pemerintah Kabupaten Bulungan menyebut proses relokasi tidak akan dilakukan jika belum ada kawasan relokasi yang disiapkan PT KHE.
Untuk kawasan relokasi, KHE punya kewenangan sebagai pemilik izin yang menyiapkan. Pemkab Bulungan pun meyakini kawasan relokasi sudah disiapkan oleh perusahaan. Dengan catatan, proses pemindahan warga Suku Dayak dari desa Long Peleban dan Long Lejuh tidak sampai merugikan masyarakat di sekitar PLTA Kayan.
#zonaebt #sebarterbarukan #EBTheroes
Editor: Bellinda Putri Hidayat
Referensi
- https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20231210/44/1722568/calon-plta-terbesar-di-asia-tenggara-bakal-pasok-listrik-ikn-intip-progresnya
- https://www.ksp.go.id/moeldoko-plta-kayan-cascade-jadi-proyek-monumental-transformasi-energi.html
- https://www.pajakku.com/read/f900be73-0351-4da2-9d61-13088ac32f92/PLTA%20Terbesar%20di%20Asia%20Tenggara%20Pasok%20Listrik%20Untuk%20Ibu%20Kota%20Nusantara
- https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20231210/44/1722593/plta-kayan-ditargetkan-rampung-2035-telan-investasi-rp275-triliun
- https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/5478326/sumitomo-jepang-ikut-bangun-proyek-plta-kayan-awal-2024?page=3
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