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PLN Rencanakan Cofiring Biomasa hingga 18 GW pada PLTU Batubara

  • Cofiring biomasa merupakan upaya untuk mengurangi pemakaian bahan bakar fosil dengan mensubtitusi sebagian jumlahnya dengan bahan bakar biomasa
  • PLN berencana untuk melakukan proses cofiring pada 52 unit PLTU batubaranya yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia dengan total kapasitas 18 GW.
  • Kini terdapat 26 PLTU operasional komersil yang telah melakukan cofiring.

Untuk mendukung pengembangan energi baru terbarukan, PLN yang bertanggung jawab dalam sistem ketenagalistrikan, mulai dari pembangkitan, transmisi hingga distribusi, tengah merencanakan implementasi co-firing biomasa pada 52 PLTU miliknya.

Sebelumnya, penting untuk mengetahui terminologi co-firing itu sendiri, co-firing, terdiri dari dua kata yaitu “Co” yang artinya bersama sama dan “firing” yang berarti pembakaran. Artinya, sistem co-firing akan melakukan pembakaran bersama sama antara beberapa bahan. Pada co-firing biomasa dan PLTU berbahan bakar batubara, artinya bahan biomasa dibakar bersama dengan batubara untuk menghasilkan thermal untuk memanaskan air menjadi uap yang menggerakan turbin generator.

Gambar 1. Ilustrasi Cofiring.

Menyadari bahwa tiap boiler memiliki desain operasi yang berbeda beda yang memerlukan bahan bakar spesifik untuk bekerja secara optimal. Maka, dengan tujuan tidak merubah desain boiler pada pembangkit, namun dapat membantu mengurangi pemakaian bahan bakar fosil, co-firing dilakukan dengan mensubtitusi bahan bakar fosil dengan bahan bakar biomasa pada rasio tertentu. Saat ini, PLN tengah melakukan pilot project co-firing biomasa pada 26 unit PLTU denan rasio biomassa sebesar 1 – 5%.

Baca Juga :

Dari 26 PLTU yang dimaksud, sebanyak 13 unit pembangkit telah menerapkan implementasi co-firing
biomassa secara komersial. Berikut ini 13 PLTU tersebut beserta bahan biomassa yang digunakan

  1. PLTU Paiton – 800 MW (Sawdust-Sampah kayu)
  2. PLTU Jeranjang – 150 MW (SRF – Sampah)
  3. PLTU Sanggau – 14 MW (Cangkang Sawit)
  4. PLTU Ketapang – 20 MW (Cangkang Sawit)
  5. PLTU Suralaya – 1600 MW (Sekam Padi)
  6. PLTU Barru – 100 MW (SRF – Sampah)
  7. PLTU Pacitan – 630 MW (Sawdust-Sampah kayu)
  8. PLTU Anggrek – 56 MW (SRF – Sampah)
  9. PLTU Rembang – 630 MW (Wood Pellet)
  10. PLTU Labuan – 600 MW (SRF – Sampah)
  11. PLTU Lontar – 945 MW (Sekam Padi)
  12. PLTU Adipala – 660 MW (Sawdust-Sampah kayu)
  13. PLTU Pelabuhan Ratu – 1050 MW (Sawdust-Sampah kayu)

Selanjutnya, pada Rencana Umum Ketenagalistrikan Nasional (RUKN), tertuang rencana PLN untuk mengimplementasikan co-firing pada 52 unit PLTU (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap). Direncanakan, bahwa pada tahun 2024, diperkirakan kapasitas total co-firing pada PLTU PLN mencapai 18 GW.

Referensi :

[1] Rencana Cofiring Pada PLTU

Editor : Muhammad Fhandra Hardiyon

Picture of Aditya Perdana

Aditya Perdana

Aditya Perdana is a final-year electrical engineering student with a keen interest in renewable energy and sustainability. In the past, he had to drop out of high school due to his family's unfortunate financial situation, however, he managed to get back up and passed the National Selection Exam to Enter State Universities and became the only student at Udayana University who came from an equivalency education (Paket C). During his college life, he has been taking his chance professionally, obtaining excellent grades, contributing to local communities, and achieving awards ranging from regional to international mostly for innovation in renewables. His passion for renewable and sustainability also translates to his career with over one year of Internship experience in the clean energy sector, ranging from business, NGO, to government. He can be contacted through : https://www.linkedin.com/in/adityaperdanaputra/ https://www.instagram.com/aditya.pppp/

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