Dampak Positif Bisnis Energi Terbarukan di Indonesia

Ilustrasi bisnis energi terbarukan
Ilustrasi bisnis energi terbarukan. Sumber: freepik.com
  • Bisnis energi terbarukan merupakan bisnis yang menjalankan jenis usaha energi terbarukan.
  • Bisnis energi terbarukan berdampak positif bagi kehidupan makhluk hidup.
  • Dampak positif bisnis energi terbarukan di antaranya, mengurangi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK), menciptakan lapangan kerja, memulihkan ekonomi, diversifikasi pasokan energi, meningkatkan ketahanan energi, dan memenuhi komitmen Indonesia pada global.

Semakin ke sini, masyarakat Indonesia turut mengembangkan bisnis energi terbarukan. Didukung dengan Peraturan Presiden (Perpres) 112 Tahun 2022 tentang Percepatan Pengembangan Energi Terbarukan untuk Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik, yang berdampak pada peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap salah satu kelebihan energi terbarukan, yakni sebagai peluang bisnis. Besarnya peluang bisnis energi terbarukan didasari dengan banyaknya dampak positif energi terbarukan bagi kehidupan berkelanjutan.

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Bisnis energi terbarukan merupakan bisnis yang menjalankan jenis usaha energi terbarukan, contohnya energi panas bumi, energi angin, bioenergi, energi surya, dan energi air. Setiap energi tersebut berasal dari sumber daya alam yang sesuai dengan nama energinya masing-masing. Misalnya, contoh sumber energi terbarukan air adalah aliran dan terjunan air.

Bisnis energi terbarukan berdampak positif bagi kehidupan makhluk hidup. Salah satu dampak positifnya adalah mengurangi emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) yang merupakan salah satu penyebab perubahan iklim. Supaya Sobat EBT Heroes makin tahu Indonesia, berikut beberapa dampak positif bisnis energi terbarukan di Indonesia.

  • Pengurangan Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK)
Ilustrasi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK). Sumber: freepik.com

Dampak positif pertama dari bisnis energi terbarukan adalah mengurangi emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK). Pemanfaatan energi terbarukan, seperti angin, matahari, air, panas bumi, dan sumber-sumber energi terbarukan lainnya menghasilkan sedikit sekali atau bahkan tidak sama sekali menghasilkan GRK selama proses produksi energi. Emisi GRK, seperti karbon dioksida yang berkurang, mengindikasi dampak penggunaan energi terbarukan lanjutan, yaitu mengatasi pemanasan global dan mengurangi dampak perubahan iklim. Hal ini menjadi penting, tidak hanya untuk keberlanjutan produksi, tetapi juga keberlangsungan dan kesehatan berbagai komponen biotik dan abiotik dalam ekosistem.

  • Penciptaan Lapangan Kerja
Ilustrasi pekerjaan di sektor energi terbarukan. Sumber: freepik.com

Dampak positif kedua dari bisnis energi terbarukan adalah menciptakan lapangan kerja bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Pembangunan usaha energi terbarukan memicu pembukaan berbagai lapangan kerja baru bagi masyarakat Indonesia, sehingga dapat menurunkan angka pengangguran. Bisnis proyek energi terbarukan menciptakan lapangan kerja langsung maupun tidak langsung, termasuk pekerjaan di bidang instalasi, pemeliharaan, dan manajemen proyek. Lapangan kerja di sektor energi terbarukan mencakup berbagai keahlian dan keterampilan, dari teknis hingga manajerial, menciptakan peluang kerja untuk berbagai latar belakang dan pendidikan. Oleh karena itu, bisnis energi terbarukan sangat membantu dalam mengurangi angka pengangguran di Indonesia karena inklusifnya lapangan kerja yang ditawarkan.

  • Pemulihan Ekonomi
Ilustrasi pemulihan ekonomi. Sumber: freepik.com

Dampak positif selanjutnya dari bisnis energi terbarukan adalah memulihkan ekonomi Indonesia. Dalam acara “Green Economy Outlook 2022 : Arah Kebijakan Indonesia dan Tantangan dalam Mewujudkan Green Economy”, Menteri Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian, Airlangga Hartarto, menyampaikan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia pada tahun 2021, yakni pasca Covid-19 tidak lepas dari dorongan positif sektor usaha yang terkait dengan energi baru dan terbarukan. Pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia yang cenderung ke arah positif, ternyata juga didorong dengan produksi bisnis energi terbarukan.

  • Diversifikasi Pasokan Energi
Ilustrasi diversifikasi pasokan energi. Sumber: freepik.com

Bisnis energi terbarukan mendorong diversifikasi pasokan energi di Indonesia. Diversifikasi pasokan energi berarti suatu usaha untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada satu atau beberapa sumber energi tertentu dengan memasukkan sumber energi lain, yakni dalam konteks ini adalah sumber energi terbarukan sebagai pasokan energi. Dengan menggunakan energi terbarukan, perusahaan dapat mengurangi ketergantungan pada sumber daya energi yang terbatas, yakni energi fosil. Diversifikasi pasokan energi juga dapat membantu mengurangi resiko fluktuasi harga dan pasokan energi, serta meningkatkan keamanan energi.

  • Meningkatkan Ketahanan Energi
Ilustrasi ketahanan energi. Sumber: freepik.com

Dampak positif bisnis energi terbarukan selanjutnya adalah meningkatkan ketahanan energi Indonesia. Berdasarkan Dewan Energi Nasional (DEN), ketahanan energi meliputi ketersediaan (availability), kemampuan akses (accessibility), keterjangkauan harga (affordability), dan penerimaan masyarakat (acceptability), yang kemudian terbagi menjadi 20 indikator untuk mengukur ketahanan energi nasional. Dengan semakin meningkatnya bisnis energi terbarukan, ketahanan energi nasional dipastikan juga turut meningkat.

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  • Memenuhi Komitmen Indonesia pada Global
Ilustrasi komitmen Indonesia pada global. Sumber: freepik.com

Terakhir, bisnis energi terbarukan berdampak pada pemenuhan komitmen Indonesia pada dunia. Komitmen Indonesia pada global seperti pengurangan emisi, bauran energi terbarukan, dan aksi-aksi global lainnya sudah sepatutnya bukan hanya sekadar ucapan belaka, namun juga harus diimplementasikan. Peran bisnis energi terbarukan hadir untuk mendukung berbagai komitmen pemerintah Indonesia.

Di sisi lain, pemerintah Indonesia perlu memberikan dorongan atau insentif juga bagi para pelaku bisnis energi terbarukan, sehingga kinerja bisnis energi terbarukan semakin bagus serta komitmen Indonesia, seperti penurunan emisi GRK Indonesia pada tahun 2030 sebesar 31,89% dengan upaya sendiri (unconditional) dan dari penurunan emisi GRK sebesar 43,2% dengan bantuan internasional (conditional), dapat tercapai dengan optimal. Jika tercapai dengan optimal, citra positif tentang Indonesia semakin terpancar, masyarakat global akan semakin percaya pada Indonesia dan mendorong investasi proyek-proyek berkelanjutan dalam negeri, memperkuat posisi sebagai pemain kunci dalam meningkatkan keamanan energi global, serta memperluas kerja sama atau kemitraan dengan berbagai negara dunia.

#zonaebt #sebarterbarukan #ebtheroes

Editor: Ni Luh Nyoman Vitari Amritaning Ati

Referensi

[1] Peraturan Presiden (Perpres) Nomor 112 Tahun 2022 Percepatan Pengembangan Energi Terbarukan untuk Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik

[2] Kenaikan Target Penurunan Emisi di NDC Indonesia Masih Jauh untuk Mencegah Krisis Iklim

[3] Energi Terbarukan untuk Masa Depan Bersama

[4] Buku Ketahanan Energi 2019

[5] Sektor Industri Energi Baru Terbarukan Beri Dorongan Positif dalam Pertumbuhan Ekonomi

[6] Prospek Cerah Bisnis Energi Terbarukan di Indonesia

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