Pilot Project Solar Panel di Luar Angkasa

  • Konsep ini pertama kali dikembangkan oleh Peneliti Rusia, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky pada 1920.
  • Perubahan iklim dan cahaya matahari yang tidak selalu ada merupakan tantangan besar yang dihadapi oleh panel surya.
  • Space solar panel hadir dan dikembangkan untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut.

Kini teknologi untuk membangkitkan energi menggunakan panel surya tidak hanya di atap atau mengapung di atas air saja. Namun, bahkan sudah mencapai mengudara hingga ke luar angkasa.

Kemampuan panel surya dalam mengubah energi surya jika di permukaan bumi tentunya tidak dapat dilakukan seharian penuh dan sangat bergantung pada musim. Dengan dikembangkanya teknologi space solar panel ini diharapkan dapat memperoleh energi surya dari luar angkasa lalu dikirim ke permukaan bumi yang dapat dilakukan seharian penuh dan tidak bergantung dengan musim seperti teknologi yang ada saat ini.

Pilot Project Space Solar Panel sudah dikumandangkan oleh beberapa negara seperti Amerika, China dan Inggris. Dilansir dari lama inverse, Laboratorium Riset Naval Amerika Serikat telah mencoba modul panel surya dan sistem konversi tenaga surya di luar angkasa pada 2020 lalu. Sementara, China telah mendeklarasikan telah melalukan progress di Bishan Space Solar Energy Station.

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Apa Pengaruh Iradiasi Terhadap Panel Surya?

Telisik Cerita Solar Micro Grid di Prai Witu


Artist's conceptions of a solar power satellite, dubbed the Integrated Symmetrical Concentrator SPS concept.
Ilustrasi Space Solar Panel Station, Sumber : theconversation.com

Di sisi lain Inggris juga telah membuat proposal proyek senilai $21 juta untuk mengembangkan operasional space solar power station yang direncanakan akan dimulai untuk uji coba pada tahun 2040. Space solar power station akan memiliki solar power satellite dengan kapasitas mencapai 76 GW berdiameter sekitar 1,7 km dengan berat mencapai 2000 ton. Selain itu, satelit tersebut juga dilengkapi antena terrestrial sekitar 6,7 km x 13 km.

Dengan dikembangkannya space solar power station ini diharapkan mampu membantu untuk mencapai net zero emission pada tahun 2050. Terlepas dari proyek dengan harga yang fantastis, ternyata pembangunan panel surya di luar angkasa juga memiliki tantangan yang menguras pikiran untuk menanggulanginya.

Walaupun diperkirakan nantinya di luar angkasa panel surya akan terpapar sinar matahari 24 jam penuh. Tantangan yang dihadapi oleh para pengembang space solar power station berdasar dari biaya pengembangan yang sangat fantastis hingga kesulitan untuk menjaga dan membawa panel surya yang cukup berat dari bumi menuju luar angkasa dan tetap mengorbit pada orbitnya.

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PERUSAHAAN PENYEDIA PANEL SURYA DI INDONESIA

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Terlebih lagi untuk perhitungan dan perkiraan perawatan yang perlu dilakukan untuk menjaga keandalan power station tersebut nantinya.  Dikhawatirkan juga saat berada di luar angkasa nanti panel surya akan hancur oleh puing-puing orbit yang berada di atas sana. Dilansir dari website NASA disebutkan bahwa di atas sana ada sekitar 23.000 puing yang berukuran lebih besar dari bola softball dengan kecepatan orbit mencapai 17.500 m/jam.

Mengorbitkan satu space solar power station saja sudah diperkirakan memerlukan banyak pesawat ulang-alik atau space shuttle yang harus diluncurkan. Dengan banyaknya memerlukan space shuttle yang notabene hanya dapat digunakan sekali, perusahaan seperti SpaceX kini sedang mengembangkan teknologi space shuttle agar dapat digunakan lebih dari sekali.

Selain untuk mengurangi pembiayaan saat peluncuran selanjutnya, dengan dikembangkan teknologi tersebut juga dapat mengurangi limbah dan emisi karbon yang ditimbulkan oleh peluncuran space shuttle tersebut.

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#zonaebt #sebarterbarukan #ebthero #spacesolarpanel #panelsurya #luarangkasa

Editor: Riana Nurhasanah

Referensi :

https://www.inverse.com/science/solar-power-space-uk

https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/news/orbital_debris.html

https://theconversation.com/solar-power-stations-in-space-could-be-the-answer-to-our-energy-needs-150007

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