Summary :
- Global emissions must decrease by 45 percent by 2030 and achieve net zero by 2050. The Earth’s temperature has already increased by approximately 1.2 degrees Celsius since the late 19th century, and with emissions still on the rise, immediate action is necessary.
- Carbon capture is a technology that involves capturing CO2 from power stations or industrial processes before it is released into the atmosphere, and storing it underground.
- Nevertheless, during the COP28 gathering in Dubai last year, President Joko Widodo of Indonesia stated that the country requires an investment of about US$1 trillion (equivalent to Rp15 thousand trillion) to reach the goal of achieving net zero or zero carbon emissions by 2060.
The phrase “net zero emissions” is becoming more common as the climate crisis worsens. What is the precise meaning of “net zero emissions?”
This concept is also a key focus at COP29, the yearly global climate summit taking place in Baku, Azerbaijan as a major initiative to address climate change.
Net zero emissions occur when the volume of carbon emissions released into the air results in minimal residual emissions that can be naturally absorbed by the ecosystem or through carbon sequestration technology, ultimately achieving a net zero carbon level in the atmosphere.
Research indicates that it is crucial to reach net zero in order to avoid the most severe consequences of climate change, ensuring that global temperatures do not rise by more than 1.5 degrees Celsius compared to pre-industrial times.
Global emissions must decrease by 45 percent by 2030 and achieve net zero by 2050. The Earth’s temperature has already increased by approximately 1.2 degrees Celsius since the late 19th century, and with emissions still on the rise, immediate action is necessary.
The UN stated on its official website that substituting coal, gas, and oil power plants with renewable energy like wind or solar will significantly decrease carbon emissions.
As of June 2024, 107 nations had made a promise to achieve net zero through their legislation, regulations, or formal promises. Around 82 percent of global emissions are attributed to these nations.
However, despite the increasing number of promises and obligations, the specific actions required are still missing. The UN cautions that even if all existing pledges are carried out, worldwide emissions will only decrease by approximately 2.6 percent by 2030 in comparison to 2019 levels.
Moving towards a world with zero carbon emissions is a significant challenge for humanity. It requires a total change in how we manufacture, consume, and travel. The UN stated on Monday, November 11, that the energy sector, responsible for approximately three-quarters of existing greenhouse gas emissions, is crucial in averting the most severe effects of climate change.
A decrease of 43 percent is required to achieve the goal of 1.5 degrees Celsius. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres formed a High-Level Group of Experts in 2022 to enhance standards and speed up the execution of non-governmental promises.
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What is the method for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
Planting trees and restoring peatlands are examples of natural methods to remove CO2.
There are new ways created by humans – still in the early phases – to remove CO2 from the atmosphere directly.
Carbon capture is a technology that involves capturing CO2 from power stations or industrial processes before it is released into the atmosphere, and storing it underground.
Although these technologies may play a key role in the future, they are costly and currently only able to offset a small portion of the ongoing greenhouse gas emissions.
The International Energy Agency cautions that they should not be seen as a replacement for significant reductions in fossil fuel consumption.
Indonesia’s Net Zero Target
Indonesia is similarly dedicated to decreasing carbon emissions. The government’s goal is to achieve zero carbon emissions by the year 2060.
Nevertheless, during the COP28 gathering in Dubai last year, President Joko Widodo of Indonesia stated that the country requires an investment of about US$1 trillion (equivalent to Rp15 thousand trillion) to reach the goal of achieving net zero or zero carbon emissions by 2060.
Jokowi stated that Indonesia is determined to strive towards achieving the net zero emission goal by 2060 or earlier. Nevertheless, Jokowi stated that substantial funds are needed to achieve this goal.
All of these endeavors necessitate significant funding, developing nations are unable to accomplish them independently. Indonesia requires over $1 trillion in investment for achieving Net Zero Emission by 2060, as stated by Jokowi during his address at COP28 in the previous year.
Hence, Jokowi urged nations with good relations and businesses to work together to reach this goal.
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- How Mineralization Can Help Reducing Carbon Emission
- Bagaimana Cara Kerja Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir?
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References:
[1] Apa Itu “Net Zero” yang Jadi Sorotan Saat Krisis Iklim Kian Parah?
[2] What is net zero and how are the UK and other countries doing?
