![Arifin Panigoro Dialog seri ke-9 Ekonomi Hijau Transformasi Ekonomi untuk Indonesia Emas 2045](https://zonaebt.com/wp-content/uploads/Arifin-Panigoro-Dialog-seri-ke-9-Ekonomi-Hijau-Transformasi-Ekonomi-untuk-Indonesia-Emas-2045.jpg)
Jakarta – 31 Januari 2024, Rumah Kebangsaan bersama dengan Medco Foundation, didukung oleh
KOMPAS dan Forum Energi Muda (FEM) menyelenggarakan kegiatan Arifin Panigoro (AP) Dialog
ke-9 dengan tema “Ekonomi Hijau: Transformasi Ekonomi untuk Indonesia Emas 2045”, di Jakarta,
Rabu (31/1).
Dialog kali ini menghadirkan Ibu Amalia Adininggar Widyasanti , ST, M.Si, M.Eng, PhD, selaku
Deputi Bidang Ekonomi Bappenas dan Dr. Agustinus Prasetyantoko, selaku Rektor Atma Jaya
periode 2015-2023 dan Ekonom senior.
Dalam AP Dialog kali ini, transformasi ekonomi menuju Indonesia Emas 2045 menjadi topik dalam
pembahasan mengingat ekonomi menjadi salah satu penggerak pembangunan negara. Konsep
Ekonomi Hijau menjadi titik sentral dalam perubahan paradigma ekonomi, di mana lingkungan dan
pertumbuhan ekonomi dianggap sebagai kekuatan yang saling mendukung. Visi Indonesia maju pada
tahun 2045 mengusung gagasan Ekonomi Hijau sebagai pilar utama dalam mencapai tujuan tersebut.
Dengan pengintegrasian prinsip-prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan dalam kebijakan ekonomi
nasional diharapkan dapat mempercepat serta memperkuat ekonomi Indonesia. Pemanfaatan
bijaksana sumber daya alam, efisiensi energi, dan pengurangan emisi karbon menjadi fokus, terutama
di sektor-sektor vital seperti pertanian, industri, energi, dan transportasi. Melalui AP Dialog kita
berharap Indonesia mampu meraih pertumbuhan ekonomi berkelanjutan, meningkatkan
kesejahteraan masyarakat, dan menjaga keberlanjutan keanekaragaman hayati serta ekosistem alam.
Kegiatan AP Dialog dibuka oleh Bapak Teten Masduki, dalam penyampaiannya Beliau
menyampaikan bahwa transformasi ekonomi diperlukan, salah satunya melalui ekonomi hijau.
Ekonomi Hijau merupakan salah satu bentuk kita bisa mendorong percepatan transisi energi dalam
bidang ekonomi. Melalui penerapan Ekonomi Hijau, diharapkan dapat menjadi penguat visi
Indonesia Emas 2045.
Dialog dilanjutkan dengan paparan oleh kedua narasumber yang dipandu oleh Agustina Purwanti
dari Litbang KOMPAS. Pemaparan diawali oleh Bapak Agustinus Prasetyantoko, beliau
menyampaikan bagaimana peran dan tantangan Ekonomi Hijau dalam transisi energi. Dalam
paparannya beliau menyampaikan bahwa ekonomi Indonesia saat ini mengalami stagnasi
pertumbuhan sebesar 5% paska pandemi. Selain tumbuh tinggi, hal penting lainnya adalah tumbuh
berkelanjutan yang merupakan dua tantangan Ekonomi Hijau. Namun balik lagi, permasalahan
utamanya adalah mengenai pendanaan. Agustinus mengatakan “Pertanyaannya adalah bagaimana
mendorong sektor swasta mendukung pembangunan berkelanjutan untuk mendanai kepentingan ini?
Perlu adanya elaborasi dan kolaborasi antar sektor”.
Kemudian, paparan dilanjutkan oleh Ibu Amalia Adininggar Widyasanti. Beliau menyampaikan
bahwa Ekonomi Hijau ini sebagai peluang untuk meningkatkan daya saing negara Indonesia. Seperti
Visi Indonesia Emas 2045 dimana Indonesia dapat seimbang baik secara ekonomi, sosial,
pendidikan, kesehatan, dan lingkungan. Maka dari itu, sasaran utama Indonesia Emas 2045 adalah
Indonesia memiliki pendapatan perkapita setara dengan negara maju, kemiskinan menuju 0% dan
ketimpangan berkurang, kepemimpinan dan pengaruh di dunia Internasional meningkat, daya saing
sumber daya manusia meningkat, dan intensitas emisi GRK menurun menuju zero emission.
Selain itu, sustainability ini tidak hanya mengarah pada pembangunan, namun juga memastikan
pertumbuhan ekonomi kearah keberlanjutan, kehidupan berkualitas, serta ketahanan energi dan
pangan. Penerapan ekonomi hijau berlandaskan pada 1) Efisiensi dan transisi energi EBT, 2)
pengembangan smart grid, 3) Teknologi energy storage system, 4) Transportasi ramah lingkungan, 5)
Penerapan ekonomi sirkular, 6) Pengelolaan hutan dan lahan berkelanjutan, 7) Insentif dan
disinsentif fiskal/ non-fiskal untuk produk hijau, dan 8) Penerapan ekonomi hijau di setiap sektor. Ibu
Amalia menyampaikan “Perlunya sinergi multipihak untuk mendorong ekonomi hijau dan
pembangunan nasional yang berkelanjutan menuju Indonesia Emas 2045”.
Setelah pemaparan, kegiatan diskusi bersama hadirin dilanjutkan. Dengan menghadirkan lima
pemantik diskusi yaitu Mustika Wijaya selaku Founder Solar Chapter, Zainal Arifin selaku Executive
Vice President – Aneka Energi Baru Terbarukan PT. PLN (Persero), Eliza Mardian seorang
Researcher di Center of Reform on Economics (CORE) Indonesia, Medhira Handinidevi selaku
Associate Project Analyst at Asian Development Bank (ADB), dan Poltak Hotradero selaku Kepala
Divisi Riset Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI).
Mustika Wijaya menanyakan terkait skema blended finance. Dimana Bapak Prasetyantoko
menyampaikan bahwa hal ini merupakan salah satu strategi yang menggabungkan modal dengan
berbagai tingkat risiko untuk mengkatalisis pembiayaan. Kemudian, Pak Zainal Arifin selaku pelaku
menyampaikan permasalahannya adalah investasi untuk penerapan EBT yang lebih mahal 2-3x lebih
dari penerapan energi fossil, hal ini juga mempengaruhi transisi energi. Sehingga perlu adanya policy
yang lebih realistis. “Bagaimana kita mensinkronkan kebijakan-kebijakan antar departemen
tersebut?. Ibu Amalia sangat setuju untuk adanya sinkronisasi policy, tidak hanya di pusat saja
namun juga di daerah.
Selanjutnya, Ibu Eliza menyampaikan “Bagaimana industri kecil dan menengah ini dapat menuju ke
energi bersih dan juga Bagaimana caranya pemerintah dapat menyinkronkan target NDC 2040?”.
Bapak Prasetyantoko menyampaikan perlu adanya konsistensi Indonesia dalam mencapai visi ini.
industri kecil dan menengah perlu didukung dalam hal finance, sehingga perlu adanya sektor swasta
untuk merevitalisasi sektor industri lainnya untuk tumbuh lebih baik.
Ibu Aprilia dari SRE serta praktisi energi dan karbon menanyakan terkait “Bagaimana skema
pendanaan yang cukup kreatif dalam industri karbon dan pajak karbonnya?”. Bapak Poltak dari BEI
menanggapi pendapat dari Ibu Aprilia bahwa penerapan regulasi dan pajak karbonnya masih kurang,
karena adanya kepentingan antar pemangku kebijakan terkait. Sebenarnya Indonesia punya potensi
cukup banyak, namun potensi ini hanya menjadi potensi bila kita tidak dapat melihat lebih jauh dan
tinggi kedepannya. Dan perlu adanya pendanaan yang lebih kreatif.
Kemudian, Ibu Medhira berpendapat hal utama yang harus dilakukan adalah memfinalisasi kebijakan
dan inisiatif-inisiatif serta program yang dapat diimplementasikan untuk mendorong Ekonomi Hijau.
Perlu dipikirkan “Apa kepentingan multilateral bank untuk mendanai hal transisi ekonomi ini karena
kebijakannya juga belum berjalan dengan masif dan cukup beresiko”. Sejatinya Policy base lending
sifatnya ketika ada kebijakan tertentu, ketika regulasi disusun dna mendorong transformasi hijau
maka pendanaan bisa menurun.
Diskusi juga tidak hanya antara pemantik dan narasumber, namun banyak sekali pertanyaan yang
disampaikan oleh para hadirin terkait keresahan dan pandangan mereka mengenai Ekonomi Hijau.
Diakhir Agustinus Prasetyantoko menyampaikan diskusi ini membahas banyak sekali persoalan, dari
Ekonomi Hijau, pengurangan emisi karbon, dan agenda sustainability Indonesia Maju.
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