https://greeneration.org/
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Taman Angin Offshore Korea Selatan

Ilustrasi salah satu PLTB di Korea Selatan dari drama “King The Land”
Sumber: Diambil dari drama King The Land
  • Menurut Energy Tracker Asia di tahun 2021, energi listrik nasional Korea Selatan yang dihasilkan dari sektor PLTB Offshore sebanyak 124.5 MW.
  • PLTB terapung offshore Firefly rencananya akan dibangun di lepas Pantai Ulsan seluas 75 kilometer persegi menggunakan teknologi turbin “Wind Semis”.
  • PLTB lepas pantai proyek Hanwha E&C dan Equinor akan dibangun di beberapa lokasi dan PLTB offshore Grey Whale 3 rencananya akan menggunakan desain PLTB offshore Hi-Float.

Hello, Sobat EBT Heroes jumpa kembali bersama zonaebt di bahasan seputar energi angin. Jika Sobat EBT Heroes merupakan penggemar drama korea sekaligus penggemar Yoona SNSD dan Junho 2PM pasti tak asing dengan drama King The Land.

Serial drama korea King The Land yang kini tengah naik daun mengambil banyak potret lokasi syuting dengan view yang indah di Korea Selatan. Salah satu lokasi yang paling menarik yaitu pengambilan adegan Junho 2PM dan Yoona SNSD yang berjalan menyusuri areal kincir angin raksasa atau pembangkit listrik tenaga bayu di tepi pantai.

Lewat drama ini terlihat bahwa pemerintah Korea Selatan ingin menunjukan kepada dunia atas komitmennya dalam Green New Deal (Perjanjian Hijau) untuk mencapai produksi energi nasional dari sektor energi terbarukan sebanyak 20% di tahun 2030 serta menggapai net zero emission di tahun 2050.

Menurut Energy Tracker Asia di tahun 2021, energi listrik nasional Korea Selatan yang dihasilkan dari sektor PLTB Offshore sebanyak 124.5 MW. Berhubungan dengan Green New Deal maka kapasitas energi listrik dari PLTB Offshore Korea Selatan rencananya akan dinaikan hingga 12 GW di tahun 2030.

Upaya realisasi rencana pembangunan taman angin offshore Korea Selatan ini kabarnya akan memakan investasi hingga triliunan won. Sobat EBT Heroes semakin menarik bukan bahasan ini maka dari itu untuk perkembangan proyek PLTB offshore Korea Selatan kita bahas bersama di poin selanjutnya.

Baca Juga

Proyek Taman Angin Terapung Firefly

Ilustrasi lokasi taman angin terapung Firefly dan konsep turbin angin semi low draft semi-submersible
Sumber: https://fireflywind.com/firefly-project/

Equinor merupakan pengembang untuk proyek taman angin terapung lepas pantai Firefly Korea Selatan. PLTB terapung offshore Firefly rencana nya akan dibangun di lepas Pantai Ulsan seluas 75 kilometer persegi yang terdiri atas 2 kompleks taman angin. Turbin angin yang dipilih pada ladang angin Firefly merupakan jenis turbin “Wind Semis”.

Teknologi turbin “Wind Semis” mengadopsi pondasi semi-submersible yang memungkinkan turbin angin secara utuh mengapung atau floating di permukaan laut. Pemilihan turbin ini dimaksudkan agar pondasi tiang turbin tidak ditanamkan ke dasar laut sehingga dapat meminimalkan dampak kerusakan ekosistem laut dari pembangunan kompleks taman laut Firefly. 

Pengukuran kecepatan angin dan tinggi gelombang dilakukan selama satu tahun penuh di tahun 2020 dengan tujuan untuk memastikan lepas Pantai Ulsan cocok dijadikan taman angin offshore Firefly. Pengumpulan data AMDAL (Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan) meliputi ekosistem laut serta kualitas sedimentasi dilakukan pada Desember 2021 dan rampung di pertengahan tahun 2022.

Kemudian Equinor berkolaborasi dengan beberapa perusahaan untuk mewujudkan proyek ini. Di awal tahun 2022, perusahaan Geoview Korea Selatan dipilih untuk melakukan survei dan pemetaan topografi dasar laut lepas pantai Ulsan dan rampung pada akhir tahun 2022. Setelah itu, perusahaan Havram dipilih pada Maret 2022 sebagai penyedia proses wiring cable systems yang cocok dilepas pantai.

Lalu di April 2022, perusahaan Technip Energies dipilih untuk melakukan FEED (Front End Engineering Design) dengan teknologi INO15TM untuk turbin angin terapung. Selanjutnya, COWI (perusahaan berbasis di Denmark) dipilih sebagai Owner’s Engineer pada November 2022 untuk konsultasi teknik dan manajemen proyek taman angin Firefly. Bila taman angin terapung Firefly ini selesai diperkirakan kapasitas total listrik yang dibangkitkan yaitu sekitar 800 MW.

Proyek Taman Angin Terapung Hanwha E&C dan Equinor

Ilustrasi turbin angin yang akan dipasang pada proyek taman angin Hanwha E&C dan Equinor
Sumber: https://www.offshore-mag.com/renewable-energy/article/14213232/equinor-develops-semi-design-for-highercapacity-floating-offshore-wind-projects 

Proyek pembangunan taman angin lepas pantai yang dikerjakan oleh Hanwha E&C (Engineering and Construction) dan Equinor ditandatangani bersama pada November 2022. Proyek ini termasuk proyek pembangunan PLTB lepas pantai dalam skala besar. Hal ini dikarenakan taman angin yang akan dibuat bukan hanya di satu lokasi saja akan tetapi di beberapa lokasi.

Lokasi-lokasi yang termasuk dalam rencana pembangunan PLTB lepas pantai ini yaitu Shinhan, Goheung, dan Yeonggwang di Jeolla Selatan, lalu Boryeon di Chungcheong Selatan, seta Yeongcheon dan juga Yeongwol. Menurut berita yang berhembus, proyek ladang angin ini didesain mirip proyek PLTB lepas pantai Grey Whale 3.

Bila mengikuti rencana kabarnya proyek untuk PLTB di kawasan Shinhan akan dikerjakan secara bertahap dan rampung di tahun 2030. PLTB lepas pantai Shinhan ini bila sudah beroperasi diperkirakan dapat membangkitkan energi listrik hingga 8,2 GW yang dapat memenuhi konsumsi listrik penduduk Seoul dan Incheon.

Baca Juga

Proyek Taman Angin Terapung Okhotsk-Korean Grey Whale

Ilustrasi lokasi proyek taman angin offshore Grey Whale
Sumber: https://www.sintef.no/globalassets/project/eera-deepwind-2020/presentations/opening_shin.pdf

Proyek PLTB lepas pantai Okhotsk-Korean Grey Whale atau dikenal pula dengan Proyek taman angin Grey Whale 3 merupakan proyek PLTB lepas pantai Korea Selatan yang dibangun atas kerjasama antara perusahaan Corio dan Total Energies. Rencananya proyek taman angin ini akan dibangun 70 km dari lepas pantai Ulsan.

Kedalaman laut lokasi PLTB terapung Grey Whale 3 ini sekitar 150 meter. Sertifikasi proyek ladang angin ini dilakukan pada November 2020 yang dipimpin oleh Bureau Veritas bersama Korean Register (KR). Sertifikasi ini dilakukan untuk memastikan proyek agar berjalan sesuai dengan rencana dan standar yang berlaku. Selain itu sertifikasi ini mencangkup evaluasi pembuatan dan operasi desain proyek untuk penilaian lain yang diperlukan dalam penyelesaian PLTB offshore ini. 

Kemudian untuk proses FEED (Front-End Engineering Design) serta instalasi turbin, konsorsium Total Energies dan Corio memilih DORIS dan Hyundai Heavy Industries untuk menjalankannya. Kabar yang beredar DORIS dan Hyundai Heavy Industries berencana memilih desain PLTB offshore Hi-Float agar dapat menampung teknologi floater internal Technip Energies INO15.

Studi dan analisis untuk Technip Energies INO15 diasosiasikan bersama perusahaan Subsea 7 dan Samkang M&T. Jika tidak ada kendala dan berjalan mulus proyek ini dapat dioperasikan di akhir tahun 2026. Kapasitas energi listrik yang dihasilkan dari proyek PLTB Offshore Grey Whale 3 ini sekitar 500 MW.

Sobat EBT Heroes itulah beberapa proyek taman angin yang sedang digeluti oleh negara yang terkenal akan serial drama nya yaitu Korea Selatan. Sampai di sini pembahasan mengenai topik angin hari ini. Sampai jumpa minggu depan Sobat EBT Heroes.

#zonaebt #sebarterbarukan #ebtheroes

Editor : Azahra Nabila

Referensi

[1] Wind power in South Korea

[2] Equinor develops semi design for higher-capacity floating wind projects

[3] Wind Energy in South Korea – Opportunities and Challenges

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Ulya Dalila Safawi

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